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The paper presents the comparison of the influence of the season (winter and summer) on the level of damage to trees remaining after the timber harvest during early thinning in young alder stands. The study was carried out in black alder stands aged 38 and 40 years located in north−eastern Poland (Płaska Forest District). Chainsaw logging was performed in the cut−to−length harvest system, while timber...
Early thinning operations performed in relatively young stands, the most important element of the forest ecosystem, have a much greater impact on their stability than late thinning performed in the stands of older age classes. As regards early thinning, the method of tending cuts based on positive selection (selection and promotion of superior trees) developed by Ilmurzynski has formally been operating...
Environment creating and general social cost−consuming factors are of the utmost importance to realize the multifunctional forest management. As a result, in some forest districts, one notes a disproportionate relationship between the costs and incomes. It can determine the level of the achieved profitability and influence the availability of the financial resources. One of the crucial elements of...
The article presents an economic evaluation of effectiveness of early thinnings in pine stands. The assessment was based on the relationship between the revenues from timber sales and treatments costs. Studies confirmed that the profitability of thinning depends on the quality of habitat, stand age and forest district. Effectiveness of thinning is rising with increasing habitat quality. Costs of thinning...
The paper presents analysis of tree damage after early thinning in lowland spruce stands. Percentage of tree with damage and weighted damage index (WDI) were considered. Three different thinning operations were analysed, in which different cutting method was applied. The smallest level of damage was observed when short wood system (SWS) was used. There were no significant differences between frequency...
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